In Italy, during the last bit of the renaissance, Claudio Monteverdi was born. At the time, the music of the renaissance had reached a pinnacle of complexity and power that was at once its greatest glory and its downfall. During his life, Monteverdi wrote a number of books of madrigals of haunting beauty and complexity including "Madrigali guerrieri et amorosi," his last. As he was rising to the top of the musical community in Italy, a new form of music was taking shape that was a rebellion against the complexity of the then current musical form. This new style was what we now call baroque. Monteverdi embraced this and, in 1607, wrote what was to be a ground breaking piece of music: L'Orfeo. Commonly recognized as the first great opera (it was a new form,) L'Orfeo set the stage for the great baroque musical dramas that would follow. Reflecting the renaissance fascination with ancient mythology and philosophy, this opera was written to tell the story of Orpheus.
( The story of Orpheus )It seems somehow suitable that the first great musical drama of the baroque period, from which came some of the greatest musical masterpieces of all time, should tell the tale of the greatest musician ever to have lived.
Monteverdi was, in a sense, both the last great master of the renaissance and the first great baroque composer. He created music that combined the greatest artistry of the renaissance period with the new style and clarity of the emerging baroque form. In the process, he created some of the most heart-rendingly beautiful music ever performed. L'Orfeo is such a masterpiece. It is hauntingly sad and wildly merry, glorious and stately at points, melodic and soulful at others.
I recommend it highly.